At one point in our jobs or careers we may have to be subjected to the slight humiliation of a urinalysis. But what do the results mean? Here are some definitions that may clear it up for you.
Glycosuria: having glucose in the urine
Levels of glucose in the urine should be minimal (less than 40mg/dl) or none at all. Glucose in urine could be caused by carbohydrate heavy meals, too much sugar, or could be an indicator of diabetes mellitus.
Bilirubinuria: presence of bile pigments and bilirubin in urine
This can be caused by erythrocyte (red blood cell) breakdown
(hemolytic anemia), blockage of the bile duct or liver damage from hepatitis or cirrhosis.
Ketosis: ketone bodies in urine
This can be caused by our bodies using up fat storage that is meant for times of starvation or in individuals with diabetes mellitus or in an abnormally high fat diet.
Hematuria: red blood cells have ruptured and are present
Instead of having erythrocyte destruction, as in bilirubinuria, the erythrocytes have ruptured such as during a menstrual cycle or kidney stones.
Albuminuria: presence of a common blood protein called albumin
This can be due to diabetes mellitus, renal damage (kidney disease), extreme physical activity or hypertension.
Pyuria: elevated levels of leukocytes
Leukocytes are white blood cells which are used to fight pathogens in the body. High levels of leukocytes could mean a urinary tract infection or bladder or kidney infection.
***These are my notes from physiology lab, and are by no means a way to diagnose yourself or others.
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